SMART Science Article

Ohio Valley Parent Magazine April 2010

Over the Rainbow


Springtime brings April showers and then May flowers.  During April showers you can sometimes see a glimpse of one of nature’s most beautiful sights—a multicolored rainbow. 


AppleMark 


Sprinkler Rainbow


You can make a rainbow even when it isn’t raining by trying this activity.


You will need:

sprinkler or garden hose

backyard or safe place away from traffic

friends and parents to play in the water with

sunny day


What to do:

Turn on the garden hose or sprinkler.

Have your friend, brother, or sister, mom, dad or grandparent help you with the hose.

Experiment with the mist from the hose until you see the rainbow of colors.

What colors do you see?  Where did you need to be positioned to see the rainbow?  Where was the sun?  Was it behind you or in front of you?

Rainbows form because white light is actually made up of many colors.  Raindrops are little spheres that cause the white light to bend, or refract.  When the light refracts, it seems to split into all of the beautiful colors we see on rainy day with some sunshine.  The colors of the rainbow are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet, or purple.  ROYGBIV is one way to remember the order of the colors.  Do you always see the same amount of each color?  Can you make a rainbow that doesn’t have the colors in the same order?


Prism Rainbow


A science toy called a prism can also make rainbows.  Prisms are made of glass or a material that also causes white light to bend, or refract.  When the light refracts, it splits into the ROYGBIV colors.  To play with a prism, you need some very bright light or sunlight.  When the light passes through the prism, you can see the rainbow of colors on the wall, table, or floor.  If you have a white piece of paper or a white wall you will be able to see the colors better.  The photo in this article was formed from an “aquarium prism”.  When the sunlight shines just right, you can sometimes see rainbows formed where you have glass coming together at corners, like in an aquarium.        


CD Rainbow


Another way you can create a brilliant and colorful rainbow makes use of some things you probably have in your home.


You will need:

a flashlight, preferably one with LED bulbs that produce a bright white light

a CD that you would use with your computer or CD player.

A dark room.


What to do:

Remember to be careful handling the CD so as not to scratch it. In a dark room, shine the flashlight onto the CD from several different angles. Can you make a rainbow appear on the wall or ceiling? Try shining the light on both sides of the CD to see if there is a difference.  Does it have the same colors as the ROYGBIV rainbow that we see in the sky? Are the colors in the same order? What do you notice about the CD that might cause it to break the white light into the colors of the rainbow?

For more information about rainbows, visit our website at  "http://www.smartcenter.org/ovpm/rainbows" www.smartcenter.org/ovpm/rainbows


Spring Sky Events


Be sure to join the staff of the SMART-Center along with the ASTROLABE astronomy club and Near Earth Object Foundation for the monthly StarWatch on April 16th at Brooke Hills Park near Wellsburg.  National Astronomy Day and the Fifth Annual WV Kite Festival are on the same Saturday this year, April 24th, at Brooke Hills Park.  The WV Kite Festival begins at 1:00 p.m. and lasts until 6:00 p.m.  The first 100 children will receive a free kite to fly at the event.  National Astronomy Day sky observations begin at 7:00 p.m. at the Cardinal Shelter.   Come join in the fun and enjoy the spring sky!

 

For more information about these and other upcoming events and activities, visit   www.smartcenter.org